When rats receive noxious footshocks, they emit two types of sounds. One type, called ‘squeaks’, can be heard by humans because they are broadband signals spanning across our audible and ultrasonic range. These squeaks are emitted at very short latency (<50 ms), their loudness reflects the intensity of the shock, and continue to be emitted in bouts for as long as the footshocks continue, i.e. for about 1 s when a 1 s footshock is delivered21,22. The other called 22 kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USV), are beyond human hearing, are narrowband signals with a main frequency typically around 22 kHz, and are not emitted during the footshocks, but typically a few second after the shocks together with freezing23,24.